Novel association of VACTERL,neural tube defect and crossed renal ectopia – Sonic hedgehog signaling: A point of coherence?

The present case report describes two patients with a novel combination of VACTERL (vertebral, anorectal, cardiac, tracheoesophageal, renal, limb), neural tube defect and crossed renal ectopia. Though cases of VACTERL associated with crossed renal ectopia have been described, the present case report is the first to describe its combination with neural tube defect. The cases reported here are significant because central nervous system manifestations are scarce in VACTERL syndrome. The role of sonic hedgehog pathway has been proposed in VACTERL association and neural tube defects. Axial Sonic hedgehog signaling has also been implicated in the mediolateral positioning of the renal parenchyma. With this knowledge, the etiopathogenesis of this novel combination is discussed to highlight the role of sonic hedgehog signaling as a point of coherence.     

Enteral nutrition is feasible in pediatric stem cell transplantation patients

We aimed to demonstrate whether enteral nutrition (EN) is feasible in daily practice of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).Nutritional records of 100 patients were evaluated. Patients with poor oral intake were fed by EN with tube. A total of 79 patients required nutritional support. Of them, 71 were fed by EN only. Five were fed by EN plus parenteral nutrition (PN),three were fed by PN only. Median duration of EN was 21 days. In the EN only group, 68% gained or maintained their weight. EN should be considered as a feasible option for nutrition support in children undergoing HSCT. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 1327–1329. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

神经管缺陷产前筛查的AFP中位数倍数校正值的建立

目的 探讨和构建北京人群神经管缺陷(neural tube defect,NTD)产前筛查的血清标志物甲胎蛋白(α-fetoprotein,AFP)浓度中位数倍数(multiple of the median,MOM)的校正模型.方法 选取5668例孕中期孕妇,通过分析其AFP浓度与孕周和体重之间的相关性,分别进行回归...     

维甲酸诱导脊柱裂胎鼠脊髓组织中Caspase-3表达情况

目的　本文旨在探讨维甲酸诱导脊柱裂胎鼠脊髓组织Caspase-3表达情况。 方法　选取孕10 d Wistar大鼠,实验组用溶有维甲酸（40mg/ml）的橄榄油,以135 mg/kg经胃管注入给药制作脊柱裂畸形大鼠模型;对照组选取孕10 d Wistar大鼠给等量橄榄油。将实验组及对照组按照孕12、15、17和20 d分为4组。应用免疫组织化学方法比较分析Caspase-3在对照组、畸形组胎鼠脊髓组织细胞中的分布和表达情况。 结果　脊柱裂大鼠脊髓神经组织中Caspase-3在15 d开始增多,一直持续到20 d胚胎大鼠。其增高情况明显高于同一时间点对照组大鼠。胚胎15、17和20 d显性脊柱裂畸形鼠脊髓组织Caspase-3阳性细胞数多于对照组,荧光强度高于对照组。 结论　维甲酸诱导的脊柱裂胎鼠Caspase-3表达明显高于正常发育胎鼠。     

Characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from cancer patients with suspected tuberculosis infection in Egypt: identification,prevalence, risk factors and resistance pattern

Data are sparse on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among patients with cancer in Egypt. We sought to detect the presence of tuberculosis (TB) disease among patients with malignant conditions and suspected TB and to study the main risk factors. Also, we compared different diagnostic procedures and detected the antimicrobial susceptibility of M. tuberculosis isolates against rifampin and isoniazid. One hundred patients were included in this study, all of them had malignant conditions and were suspected by the clinicians of having TB. Identification of M. tuberculosis in different specimens was performed by smear microscopy, followed by Lowenstein–Jensen medium and Mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) cultures and artus^® real-time PCR. In addition, an indirect MGIT anti-TB susceptibility test was carried out against rifampin and isoniazid. A total of 76% of studied cases were found to be TB positive. The frequencies of TB-positive cases in the bronchogenic, haematological and solid tumour malignancy groups were 21%, 25% and 30%, respectively. Significant differences between pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB in different malignancy groups were recorded. Real-time PCR showed the highest overall diagnostic efficiency. Multidrug-resistance of M. tuberculosis to both rifampin and isoniazid was detected in 28.6% of examined isolates. Infection in cancer patients with TB was significantly more often recorded among elderly patients and those suffering from poverty. Pulmonary TB is more common than extrapulmonary TB in patients with malignancy. Real-time PCR is the most accurate and rapid method for TB diagnosis. MGIT-rifampin resistance may be used as a reliable marker for detection of multidrug-resistant TB. Diagnosis and instituting treatment course for active or latent TB infection are crucial before starting anticancer therapy.     

脑内高表达microRNAs的时空效应及其在神经管缺陷中的可能作用

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play an important role in regulating the cell proliferation, differentiation and organogenesis. Abnormal expression of miRNAs is associated with increased risk for various diseases, such as neural tube defects (NTD), which is a severe developmental disease as the result of closing the neural tube incompletely or too early. The present review summarizes some enriched miRNAs in the brain of mammals and their spatial temporal feature, and tries to elaborate the relationship between the aberrant expression of miRNAs and the pathogenesis of NTD.     

CT-VRT重建技术对腰骶部隐性脊柱裂的诊断价值

目的评估CT容积漫游技术（CT-VRT）重建对腰骶部隐性脊柱裂（SBO）的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析212例腰骶部隐性脊柱裂的骨盆X线平片和CT-VRT的影像特征,包括对称性、形态、范围和受累椎体及脊柱节段,并比较两种检查手段对骨质缺如的影像特征的显示情况。结果在显示SBO对称性、形态、范围、受累椎体及脊柱节段和游离骨脊等方面,CT-VRT比X线平片准确（P〈0.05）;对于其他影像特征的显示CT-VRT和X线平片无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论 X线平片和CT是检查SBO的有效手段,CT-VRT能够直观、立体、更准确的显示SBO形态、范围和受累椎体及脊柱节段,鉴别真、假裂隙样骨质缺如,并进一步确定假裂隙样骨质缺失的本质。     

交锁髓内钉治疗长管状骨骨折23例

交锁髓内钉治疗长管状骨骨折具有手术创伤小、骨折愈合快、能早期活动等优点[1-2],2005年6月-2010年8月,我们根据X线片选择合适病例,使用交锁髓内钉治疗长管状骨折23例,疗效满意。     

鼻肠管在术后早期炎性肠梗阻治疗中的作用

目的 比较鼻肠管和鼻胃管在炎性肠梗阻中的治疗作用.方法 将2007年9月至2010年9月之间收治的58例腹部术后早期炎性肠梗阻病人,随机分成鼻肠管组和鼻胃管组予以治疗,观察各项临床治愈指标,并对结果进行比较分析.结果 所有病人均治愈,鼻肠管组的各项临床治愈指标均优于鼻胃管组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.0...